1. The impact of entertainment industry on Korea's popularity

2. မေသက်မြတ်နိုး၊ ဆုယဉ်ဝင်း

3.ယနေ့ခေတ်တွင်ကိုရီးယားနိုင်ငံကျော်ကြားမှုရဲ့အဓိကနေရာတွင်ပါဝင်နေသည့် K Pop, K drama နှင့် Reality showများအကြောင်း

4.Wikipedia link

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:The_Impact_of_Entertainment_Industry_on_Korea%27s_Popularity

5. The whole article

        Nowadays, all of us realize that the popularity of Korea is getting rise day by day because of the enormous impact of K-pop, K- drama, and entertainment programs. In other words, as the entertainment industry is bigger, more is well-known in Korea. We all accept that the achievement of K-pop, K drama, and entertainment programs are spreading worldwide. This achievement has various positive outcomes for Korea in culture, tourism, and economy, which are one of the most developing countries in Asia. Moreover, they have also big awards, popularity, and success not only in Europe but also all around the world. That’s why it’s an honest truth that the impact of entertainment industry give a positive influence on Korea’s popularity.

K - Pop

        Music is a cultural aspect of all human societies that are universal. It plays a key role in all social activities. The term "K-pop" became popular in the 2000s. K-Pop is an abbreviation that stands for Korean Popular music. It’s including not only various types of music and dances but also traditional and cultural music in combination with modern types. K-pop is a cultural product that features "values, identity, and meanings that go beyond their strictly commercial value.  K-Pop idols and their music have positively contributed to South Korean diplomacy, economy, human rights movements, and the country’s global status for decades, especially during times of high political tension."Many agencies have presented new idol groups to an audience through a "debut showcase" which consists of online marketing and television broadcast promotions as opposed to radio. Groups are given a name and a "concept" along with a marketing hook. During the beginning of the 21st century, K-pop idols began receiving success elsewhere in Asia: in 2002. 

In 2023, we all know that idol groups like BTS, Black-pink, and other groups are fundamental for the Korean economy, culture, and tourism. As an example in the Economy, to bring these jobs to fruition.  the world-famous song ‘Gangnam Style’ by the South-Korean artist PSY, generated approximately USD 8 million in YouTube revenues on its release in 2012. Moreover, The seven-member K-Pop group BTS took the world by storm with their music gaining USD 4.9 billion for the South-Korean economy. The high point was with the release of BTS’s all-English song ‘Dynamite’ which topped the Billboard Global chart for 18 weeks and generated USD 1.43 billion. The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, and Korea Culture and tourism conducted a joint study that showed the revenue generated by BTS’s hit song would be able to provide approximately 8000 jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic. With a group of 7 members, SuperM created a futuristic safety video that provided information on the safety feature of the Aircraft, alongside an original song and choreography that was specifically created for the video. This helped boost the national airline’s business and in 2020 Korean Air’s revenue stood at USD 11.2 billion. Tourism and Culture are the key focus of the South Korean economy. It is highly endorsed by K-Pop groups and idols. Music and Tourism work in tandem to bring money into the South Korean Economy. It also gives finances from all around the world by making concerts, fan meetings, and producing albums. With the advent and help of social media and networking, K-Pop music spread rapidly and gained fans internationally not only in Asia but Latin America, North Africa, South and East Africa, the Middle East, and throughout the Western world. According to the International Federation of Phonographic Industry’s ‘Global Music Report’ of 2019, Korean Popular Music was ranked sixth among the top ten music markets worldwide. BTS and Blackpink were the artists that were leading this market growth. Overall, K-Pop helped boost the Korean economy by $9.48 billion in 2018 and $12.3 billion in 2019. On the other hand, K-pop fans in some regions express their desire and respect for how Korea has achieved its economic and cultural development; furthermore, those fans anticipate the ‘Korean dream’ by following Korean culture. The fans not only consume a variety of Korean Wave entertainment content but also participate in Korean cultures, such as through food, language, and traditional events. To sum up, K Pop industry has become the most important part of Korean Popularity.

Drama

               Today, there is no one who doesn’t know or watch k drama. In our life, all of us have experienced of watching k drama. K drama is the newest global breakthrough for this cutting-edge technology. Korean dramas strike a balance of predictability and originality. Their story arcs are often predictable: rags to riches, rich boy meets poor girl, children defy their parents’ wishes and strike out on their own. The emergence of streaming platforms like Netflix has been the game changer for Korean dramas, in that it guarantees international exposure from the get-go, albeit just via certain membership-based platforms. This could mean Korean dramas could have a larger impact on the global stage. Earlier this year, “Squid Game” star O Yeong-su became the first Korean to win at the Golden Globes, while Lee Jung-jae and Jung Ho-yeon became the first Koreans to win Screen Actors Guild awards in the TV category. The show is also the first foreign series to be nominated for this year’s Emmy Awards, slated for September. As K-dramas extend their global reach, intellectual property rights emerged as an issue for its sustained success. The main reason why Korean dramas are in high demand is that the storyline is interesting and able to make the audience feel emotions and we can know more about Korean culture and their Lifestyles. It’s more effective for those who are learning the Korean Language to improve their language skills. Moreover, when we have some stressful times, we also watch k drama to relieve our stress. While enjoying global popularity, the Korean drama production industry now faces the new task of becoming culturally sensitive. Hallyu has been a blessing for Korea, its businesses, culture, and country image. Since early 1999, Hallyu has become one of the biggest cultural phenomena across Asia. As a result, Korean producers have been able to source capital for these movies from countries outside of Korea, like Japan. People in many countries like Singapore, China, Vietnam, Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong are being treated with more and more new movie numbers across the years. The parasite is the first non-English film to win Best Picture at the Oscars alongside 3 other Academy Awards, which is a testament to the global recognition of Korean entertainment products' increasing quality and authenticity. The Hallyu effect has been tremendous, contributing to 0.2% of Korea’s GDP in 2004, amounting to approximately USD 1.87 billion. More recently in 2019, Hallyu had an estimated USD 12.3 billion boost on the Korean economy. Over the last two decades, South Korea has become very rich and very futuristic. In 1965, Korea’s GDP per capita was less than that of Ghana. Today, South Korea is the world’s 12th largest economy. Due to the effort of the Korean government, Korean drama popularity and it’s positive effects are getting bigger day by day.

Reality Show

            Korean variety shows are well-known for their zaniness, drama, and unexpected twists and turns. Besides providing enjoyment, they may also provide unique insights into Korean society. They are generally composed of a variety of stunts, performances, skits, quizzes, comedy acts, and so on. Korean variety programs also feature popular celebrities and K-pop idols. Variety shows in Korea do not conform to an established pattern, but instead incorporate diverse television genres such as dramas, documentaries, and information programs. The public's daily life is actively used as material for entertainment programs. The core storytelling of the major event is merged with the story of events or people, and the entertainment program is enhanced. The combination of talk shows and confrontational entertainment became a signature program of each broadcasting business, such as Happy Together Season 3, Radio Star, and Infinite Challenge. Korean content has recently been widely broadcasted in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, North America, Latin America, and Europe. Running Man is a popular Korean television entertainment program that is being exported to China and Southeast Asia.

As a result, it attracts tourists to Korea and may have an impact on the tourism industry. Of the unique perspective displayed on Running Man, foreign tourists have been interested in different aspects of Korean cultures, such as cuisine, fashion, and shopping. With programs of various genres, Korean television has served as a medium for transferring, replicating, and consuming multicultural views. Foreigners, globalization, and multicultural society have all been featured in Korean entertainment shows, and this trend is growing in response to popular opinion. In a society like Korea's, where everyday contact with foreign migrants is unusual, media is a critical way of transplanting and producing multicultural discourses and a powerful tool for raising awareness among various segments of society. Several Korean media outlets show programs with foreigners that depict globalization and multicultural society.

Sources

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_variety_show

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_drama?wprov=sfla1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-pop?wprov=sfla1

1. K-MOOC

2. ကြည်ချိုညိုဇင်၊ ယဉ်မင်းအေး

3. K-MOOC သည် ကိုရီးယားနိုင်ငံအခြေပြု အွန်လိုင်းပညာရေးဌာနတစ်ခု ဖြစ်သည်။ တစ်သက်တာပညာရေးကို မြှင့်တင်ရန် ရည်ရွယ်ပြီး မည်သူမဆို ကောလိပ်ပညာရေးကို အချိန်မရွေး၊ နေရာမရွေး သင်ယူနိုင်မည့် အခမဲ့ ပညာရေးဝန်ဆောင်မှုဖြစ်သည်။

4. Wikipedia Link      - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:K-MOOC

5. The Whole Article

K-MOOC stands for Korean Massive Open Online Course. K-MOOC is a Korea-based open online learning service that allows everyone to participate in college classes anytime, anywhere. K-MOOC aims to innovate the higher education system with respect to available courses and teaching methods, including exploring innovative ways of learning such as 'Blended Learning' and 'Flipped Learning.'

Background

K-MOOC was launched in 2015 by the National Institute of Lifelong Education under the Ministry of Education. It aims to offer learners an opportunity to access and learn from high quality MOOCs provided by the best institutions in the Republic of Korea, contributing to innovation in higher education as well as initiating the practice of lifelong learning. As of 2023, K-MOOC is together with 116 leading domestic and international organizations.

Vision

K-MOOC dreams about a colorful future. Through the simple and close connection of teachers and learners, K-MOOC will help many people create a new and challenging future better than yesterday.

Progress of propulsion

1. 2015 ~ 2017

Introduction and settlement

2. 2018 ~ 2020

Globalization and creation of added value

3. From 2021

Establishment of the higher education system

Propulsion organizations

The Ministry of Education establishes the operational plan for K-MOOC, while the National Institute of Lifelong Education assumes project management tasks, and the participating organizations are responsible for course development, operation, and utilization. The other relevant agencies and MOU agencies are in charge of service utilization, including diffusion and support.

User Guideline

Youth - Access online learning materials to explore future career opportunities.

College Students - Access prior learning materials before coming to class and deepen knowledge through supplements.

Lifelong Learners - Learn about the latest trends and information based on individual aptitudes and interests.

Job Seekers and Employees - Strengthen personal capabilities for employment, discover new business items, and enhance vocational competency.

Faculty - Flipped Learning.

Diversify class activities through flipped Learning, a reversal of traditional teaching, students are introduced to the learning materials before class, and classroom time is then used to deepen understanding through discussions with peers and problem-solving.

University - Develop teaching strategies by analyzing learning data and using reverse learning and the like to promote learning innovation.

Class type

Classroom courses are available as web-based online video lectures at no cost. At present, interactive learning methods such as Q&As, discussions, quizzes and assignments and a network of communities between professors and students and among students are available along with the courses. K-MOOC is also available on mobile devices through the application.

Courses

K-MOCC offers a variety of courses from various fields such as humanities, social and natural science, education, engineering, medical sciences and pharmacology, arts and physical education and interdisciplinary courses. There are also linguistics and literature courses, secondary education courses, architecture, civil construction and urban engineering courses, transportation courses, precision and energy courses and many others. Most of the courses are conducted in Korean. There are also some courses taught in English. Korean and English subtitles are available in all course video. Some courses are supported with Chinese language.

Course enrollment and certificate upon completion

Learners can enroll in the desired course within the registration period. Registration for a course which has already been started is also allowed. However, it may not be possible to attempt assignments or tests that have already passed their submission deadline depending on the course. Upon achieving a standard percentage or higher, a certificate of completion can be received within 1-2 weeks at the end of each course. However, in order to achieve this, active engagement with the course materials including taking quizzes and completing assignments at the designated time is important. Completing assignments and receiving support from the professor or teaching assistant can be more beneficial in terms of learning and receiving feedback. The validity of the certificate issued by K-MOOC can be checked on the official website.

Previously, individuals were required to apply for an on-going course within a predetermined time frame. Because the course schedule is fixed, it is not possible to individually extend the period or view and submit materials in advance. Once the course period was over, application for that course was not available until the next year. However, with the introduction of an auditing function in 2018, it became possible to apply and attend the lecture even after the course had ended. In such a case, even though the learner can check content such as learning activities and learning materials, a certificate of completion cannot be issued.

There are also academic credit bank system learning courses, which recognize learning experiences acquired both inside and outside of classrooms, granting academic credits toward associate's or bachelor's degrees.

Participating universities

Alongside 116 other top domestic and foreign organizations, K-MOOC offers the best possible education services to foster a generation of lifelong learners. the following collection of universities;

KYUNG HEE UNIVERSITY, POSTECH, SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, SUNGKYUNKWAN UNIVERSITY, KAIST, YONSEI UNIVERSITY,EWHA WOMANS UNIVERSITY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, PUSAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY,KONGJU NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY OF SEOUL, DAEGU UNIVERSITY,THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF SEOUL, HALLYM UNIVERSITY, JEONBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, INHA UNIVERSITY,KUMOH NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF UNIVERSITY,SUNGSHIN WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY, CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY,BUSAN UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN STUDIES, HANDONG GLOBAL UNIVERSITY,MOKWON UNIVERSITY,KYUNGNAM UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY OF ULSAN, DONGGUK UNIVERSITY, KONYANG UNIVERSITY, JEJU NATIONAL UNIVERSITY,YEUNGNAM UNIVERSITY, SOOKMYUNG WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY,DANKOOK UNIVERSITY, SEJONG UNIVERSITY, SANGMYUNG UNIVERSITY, KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY,KOOKMIN UNIVERSITY, SEOUL WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY, JEONNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, KONKUK UNIVERSITY, PAICHAI UNIVERSITY, HANYANG UNIVERSITY,SOGANG UNIVERSITY, SEOUL TECH, CHOSUN UNIVERSITY, DAEJEON UNIVERSITY, SUNMOON UNIVERSITY, PUKYONG NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, INHA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, KANGWON NATIONAL UNIVERSITY,SEMYUNG UNIVERSITY, AJOU UNIVERSITY,HANNAM UNIVERSITY, DONGSEO UNIVERSITY, DONG A UNIVERSITY, HOSEO UNIVERSITY, KOREA INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY,NATIONAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION, YUHAN UNIVERSITY,INCHEON UNIVERSITY, HANKUK UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN STUDIES,KWANGWON UNIVERSITY, MYONGJI UNIVERSITY,KEIMYUNG UNIVERSITY, SOONCHUNHYANG UNIVERSITY and etc.

Offline K-MOOC

K-MOOC is assisting a large number of people by developing numerous courses that are not only offered online but also offline in the form of expositions and talk concerts where students can interact with participating university lecturers and take in a variety of performances. It also offers special lectures to students who want to audit university courses and lectures.

Coursera and K-MOOC

On January 14 2022, it was announced that Coursera is partnering with K-MOOC and the National Institute for Lifelong Education to launch a nationwide upskilling program in South Korea. In South Korea, there are now over 540000 students enrolled in Coursera, a 25% rise from 2021. Through this partnership, students in Korea will have access to 70 Korean language courses from top universities and businesses around the world, including Yale University, University of Pennsylvania, Google, and AI, that are relevant to the job market. This collaboration with Coursera served as a crucial starting point for opening up the learning environment for Korean learners to the rest of the world.

K-MOOC in 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic sparked a surge in online learning, resulting in a 30% increase in K-MOOC users to 960,000 and a 33.6% increase in course registrations to 2.26 million. As more and more lectures are created to meet the unique requirements of students in order to provide convenience in the educational aspect, KMOOC made an effort to improve quality in 2022 to better accommodate the needs of various learners.

(1) By categorizing classes into various majors and topics, curricula are systematically arranged to increase learner convenience and make it simple for students to access more than 1,300 lectures.

(2) In 2022, freshly developed lectures will be available with sign language interpretation. To draw both domestic and foreign students, subtitles in Korean and English have been added, making K-MOOC available worldwide. Additionally, KMOOC provides cultural enrichment classes that can offer sign language assistance, allowing hearing-impaired people to fully participate in K-MOOC without encountering any learning obstacles.

(3) To ensure that academic credits are more easily used, K-MOOC offers teacher training opportunities. Additionally, 30 outstanding teachers and lecturers are recognized, which encourages educators to take an active role in the course.

Since the end of August in 2021, in collaboration with EBS, ‘Great Class, Great Minds,’ featuring world famous scholars from humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, has been broadcast, which is slated to continue till first half of 2022.

KMOOC in 2023

The quantity of users who have accessed the content has increased along with the development of K-MOOCs. As of January 2023, there were over 1,160 000 registered users for K-MOOC, 28, 100 000 visitors had signed up for classes, and there had been about 330000 visits from foreigners.

In 2023, 15 new institutions of higher learning will be designated as "K-MOOC leading universities and colleges," and they will be required to launch at least four new courses annually in line with their specialties and top-tier fields, at least two of which must be in the fields of emerging technologies and industries.

The Ministry will expand the amount of top-notch material broadcast in the liberal arts sector and launch "Korean Masters" courses in which academics from both home and abroad can enroll. Additionally, courses containing thematic units about Korea, or so-called K-knowledge, will be created and made available. These courses will cover a variety of subjects about Korea, such as its history, society, economy, education, and future.

The K-MOOC learning data system will be given under the higher education management system, and this credit management system will be integrated with the K-MOOC platform as part of their efforts to facilitate learner-friendly services that can offer dependable and adaptable learning experiences.

Additionally, they are working to expand the base and use of K-MOOC. Moreover, the ministry of education will work with various organizations, such as abroad Korean education centers, to fully support efforts to meet global demands. By utilizing the Global Korea Scholarship program and providing a variety of courses, such as prerequisite courses for foreign students, this will aid in attracting more international students.

6. Sources

 http://www.kmooc.kr/about_intro/

 http://www.kmooc.kr/about_st/

https://english.moe.go.kr/sub/infoRenewal.do?m=0307&page=0307&s=english

http://www.kmooc.kr/courses

https://www.kmooc.kr/comm_tabs/kmooc_f/

https://www.kmooc.kr/comm_tabs/kmooc_f/

https://cb.kmooc.kr/search

http://www.kmooc.kr/about_org/#

https://blog.coursera.org/coursera-partners-with-k-mooc-and-the-national-institute-for-lifelong-education-to-upskill-200000-learners-in-south-korea/

http://www.kmooc.kr/about_intro/

https://english.moe.go.kr/boardCnts/listRenewal.do?type=default&page=5&m=0201&s=english&boardID=265#

https://english.moe.go.kr/boardCnts/viewRenewal.do?boardID=265&boardSeq=93874&lev=0&searchType=null&statusYN=W&page=1&s=english&m=0201&opType=N

7. The Glossary of Romanization of Korean (Excel File)

1. ဆိုးလ်စီးတီး ခရီးစဉ် ဘတ်စ်ကား

2. ဇင်ဝေယံ

3. Seoul City Tour Bus (ကိုးရီးယား: 서울시티투어버스) သည် တောင်ကိုရီးယားနိုင်ငံ၊ ဆိုးလ်ရှိ နာမည်ကြီး ခရီးသွားဆွဲဆောင်မှုများမှတစ်ဆင့် ပြေးဆွဲပေးသည့် သယ်ယူပို့ဆောင်ရေးဝန်ဆောင်မှုတစ်ခုဖြစ်သည်။ Seoul ကို ပထမဆုံးအကြိမ် လာရောက်လည်ပတ်သူများအတွက် အကြံပြုထားသည့် ဝန်ဆောင်မှုတစ်ခုဖြစ်သည်။

4. Link 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Seoul_city_tour_bus

5. Article

Seoul City Tour Bus

Seoul City Tour Bus (Korean: 서울시티투어버스) is a transportation service that shuttles through the popular tourist attractions in Seoul, South Korea. It is a service recommended for those who visit Seoul for the first time. The bus service would make the travelers to visit the locations in ease as it offers foreign audio guide in 11 different languages such as English, Japanese, Chinese, French, German, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Vietnamese, Indonesian, and Malaysian and the companies are currently working on adding more languages.

Popular Bus Services

• Tiger Bus
• Yellow Balloon City Bus

Bus Types

Open Top Bus

Double Decker Bus

Trolley Bus

Courses

Tiger Bus

1. Downtown Palace Namsan Course(도심고궁코스)

Course Description

   It takes visitors to historic royal palaces, National Museum, popular destinations such as Namsan Seoul Tower and Seoul’s prime district like Itaewon Route Map - https://www.seoulcitybus.com/images/detail/bts_map_01.png

From: Gwanghwamun

End Point: Gwanghwamun

Bus Frequency – every 60 minutes

Station Information

• Gwanghwamun
• Myeongdong
• Namsangol Korean Town / House of Korea
• THE AMBASSADOR SEOUL – A PULLMAN HOTEL
• Silla Hotel
• Namsan Seoul Tower
• Hyatt Hotel
• Dongdaemun Market
• Daehak-ro
• Changgyeonggung
• Changdeokgung
• Insa-dong
• Cheongwadae (Blue House of Korea)
• The National Folk Museum of Korea
• Sejong Center for the Performing Arts
• Gwanghwamun

2. Panorama Course (파노라마코스)

Temporarily suspended due to Corona Virus

Course Description

   It takes visitors to popular destinations like Namsan Seoul Tower, Han River and Seoul’s scenic spots.

3. Night Course (야간코스)

Course Description

   Offers beautiful night view with the Han River which is one of the most popular attractions of South Korea.

Route Map -

https://www.seoulcitybus.com/images/detail/bts_map_04.png   

From: Gwanghwamun (Base Point)

End Point: Cheonggye Plaza

Bus Frequency - Once daily

Station Information

• Gwanghwamun
• Mapo Bridge
• Seogang Bridge
• Gangbyeon Expressway
• Banpo Bridge
• Sebitseom Island
• Dongjak Bridge
• Seongsu Bridge
• Hannam Bridge
• N Seoul Tower
• Namdaemun Market
• Cheonggye Plaza

4. Around Gangnam Course (강남어라운드코스)

Temporarily suspended due to Corona Virus

Course Description

   This course will take the visitors to famous attractions like Seonjeongneung Royal Tomb, COEX and Lotte World Tower.

Yellow Balloon City Bus

1. Traditional Culture Course (전통문화코스)

Course Description

   Through visiting downtown of the Seoul, Famous Palaces and traditional Markets, visitors can see the present and past of the city. 

From: Dongdaemun Design Plaza

End Point: Shingdangdong Jungang Market

Bus Frequency: Every 40min(weekdays) / Every 30min(weekends)

Station Information

• Dongdaemun Design Plaza
• Bangsan, Jungbu Market
• Euljiro 3-ga
• Euljiro 1-ga
• Cheongwadae
• Tong-in Market
• Gwanghwamun Square
• Seoul Station
• Namdaemun Market
• Namsan Ormi
• Myeongdong
• Jonggak
• Insa-dong
• Jongmyo
• Gwangjang Market
• Dongmyo
• Seoul Folk Flea Market
• Majang-dong LiveStock Market
• Sindang-dong Jungang Market

2. Hangang/Jamsil Course (한강잠실코스)

Temporarily suspended

Course Description

   Visitors can observe the Famous Han River, Seoul’s highest building; 123-story Lotte World Tower and Seoul’s prime district, Gangnam region.

3. Night View Course (야간운행코스)

Course Description

   Visitors can see the beauty of Seoul’s night view.

From: Dongdaemun Design Plaza

End Point: Jongmyo

Bus Frequency: Once daily

Station Information

• Dongdaemun Design Plaza
• Bangsan, Jungbu Market
• Euljiro 3-ga
• Euljiro 1-ga
• Cheongwadae
• Tong-in Market
• Gwanghwamun Square
• Seoul Station
• Namdaemun Market
• Namsan Ormi
• Myeongdong
• Jonggak
• Insa-dong
• Gwangjang Market
• Jongmyo

Prices

Tiger Bus

CourseAdult (KRW)Child (6~12) (KRW)Under 6 (KRW)

Yellow Balloon City Bus

CourseAdult (KRW)Child (6~12) (KRW)Under 6 (KRW)

6. Sources:

https://korean.visitseoul.net/citytourbus 

http://www.seoulcitybus.com

https://www.seoulcitytourbus.co.kr/en/ 

https://www.seoulcitybus.com/images/detail/bts_map_01.png 

https://www.seoulcitybus.com/images/detail/bts_map_04.png 

1.Topic: Korean Traditional Food

2. Writer: Hsu Yin Win, May Thet Myat Noe, Yin Min Aye

3. Short Explanation: Korean traditional food 

Today, Korean food is the most popular food in the world. In addition to Kimchi and Noodles, other types of food are also penetrating the country and are liked by people from all over the world. And we love Korean food too. There are hardly any Korean restaurants in every country. That's why we would like to give a presentation about Korean food.

4. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Korean_Traditional_Food

1. Topic- Traditional and Modern Influences on Hanbok

2. Writer- Hsu Yin Win, May Thet Myat Noe, Yinmin Aye

3. Short explanation-About hanbok's past and present-day dress. It is divided into traditional and modern.

Hanbok is a Korean term for traditional Korean attire. Hanbok is one of the world's most gorgeous fashion trends and has been popular for almost 2,000 years. When you have seen the hanbok in your favorite Korean drama or on your favorite K-Pop artists, you might have questioned what type of clothing hanbok is. The traditional clothing of the Korean people is called hanbok. It is only worn these days on special occasions as well as on anniversaries. Many Koreans keep a hanbok for special wear for such events. The classic hanbok was gorgeous in its own right, yet over the years, the style has gradually evolved. The unique lines of hanbok appear at their greatest when the wearer is in motion. Hanbok is creative and expressive in its design. Not a few people are truly aware of its rich history and significance. In this comprehensive overview of Korean fashion, let's examine what the hanbok and its influence are.

Traditional

Hwarot (Hangul: 활옷) - In Goryeo and Joseon dynasties, Hwarot or Hwal-Ot was worn as formal dress among upper-class people. It was the full dress for the princess and the king’s daughter by a concubine, later becoming a wedding dress for ordinary women. Jeogori (top jacket) and Chima (skirt) were worn under Hwarot. There were different patterns embroidered on Hwarot that all stated different roles in society. They were mostly dragon, phoenixes, lotuses, butterflies, and the ten traditional symbols of longevity: the sun, mountains, water, clouds, rocks or stone, pine trees, the mushroom of immortality, turtles, white cranes and deer. All these Korean historical patterns held meanings of longevity, good luck, wealth and honor. There were also blue, red and yellow stripes in each sleeve of Hwarot. Wonsam (Hangul: 원삼) - During the Joseon dynasty, Wonsam was the attire for a married woman as a ceremonial topcoat. As it is mostly worn by the royal family, noble women and high-ranking officials, the colors and patterns varied according to the Korean class system. Wonsam for upper class women usually had two-colored stripes in both sleeves. Commoners wore Wonsam only as wedding dress. Dangui (Hangul: 당의) - The queen, princesses and wives of high-ranking government officials wore Dangui or Tangwi at minor ceremonies, while other noble classes wore at major ones during the Joseon dynasty. Dangui were made of different materials as seasons changed. During the Joseon dynasty, they were part of bridal wear for ordinary-class women. The most common colors for Dangui were yellow and/or green, while the emperor and the queen wore separate colors, purple and red respectively. Accessories - Women wore Hanbok together with accessories. The first one was Binyeo or Pinyeo, which was an expression of chastity and decency to women. It was a traditional hairpin and had a divergently shaped tip as its uses for ornament were varied depending on social status. Another one was Danggi, an adornment to bind braided hair. It was a traditional Korean ribbon simply made of cloth. The type of accessory that was commonly worn among all women from all social ranks was Norigae (Hangul: 노리개), a typical traditional accessory. Yet, the size and material of the Norigae highlighted the social status of a awoman. The footwear for married women during the Joseon dynasty was Danghye or Tanghye (Hangul:댕기). The decorations on Dangye represented longevity. These included trees bearing grapes, pomegranates, flowers like chrysanthemums, or peonies.

Dressing difference according to social statuses

King - The religious and formal ceremonial robes for the king during the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties were called Myeonbok (Hangul: 면복), comprised of Myeonryu-Gwan (Hangul: 면류관) and Gujang-Bok (Hangul: 구장복). Myeonry-Gwan had cotton wads in its both sides and beads that hung loose. The former were supposed to make the king oblivious to the influence of corrupt officials while the latter were to prevent from seeing wickednessGujang-Bok was black and bore nine representative symbols of the king, dragon, fire, pheasant, mountain, tiger, monkey, rice, axe and water plant. Royal family Ladies - While the king had Myeonbok, women in the royal family wore Jeokui, also known as Tseogwi (Hangul: 적의). The embroidered patterns on Jeokui were often the depictions of pheasants as “Jeok” itself means pheasant. Although it was worn among royalties, colors differentiated status symbols. The color of the empress’s Jeokui was purplish-red and Hwarot was with a dragon embroidered on it. The empress put on yellow Wonsam usually with red and blue colored stripes on each sleeve, purple Dang-Ui and purple-red Jeokui depending on different occasions. As for the queen, Hwarot had phoenix design on it. Wonsam was red with blue and yellow striped sleeves, red Dang-Ui and pink Jeokui. All princesses wore Hwarot with floral patterns and dangui. However, at ceremonial occasions, the crown princess wore a purplish-red Wonsam while a king’s daughters by a concubine had to wear green. Only the crown princess was qualified to wear pink-colored Jeokui. Other high-ranking people - Aristocratic wives wore Hwarot that had clouds and cranes patterns. Their Wonsam were green and they donned different colors of Dangui as major ceremonial garments. Lower class or commoners - Since the Goryeo dynasty, commoners wore Hwarot as a bridal wear. In the Joseon dynasty, Wonsam joined Hwarot and became part of the wedding hanbok. Their Wonsam did not have specific features, they wore with colorful stripes and ribbons. Cheolique (Hangul: 철릭) - Joseon dynasty kings and military officials wore Cholique, a type of clothing created to be convenient for archery and horse riding. By the end of Joseon dynasty, it became a garment for more casual situations. Ayngsam or Aengsam (Hangul: 앵삼) - Scholars wore yellow Aengsam during the national government exam and governmental ceremonies. The highest-scoring student in the exam was awarded with green Aengsam, sometimes it was with red Aengsam if that scholar was young. Footwear - The king and queen wore various colors of shoes. The king’s shoes were called Jeokseok, that were red and secured by ankle ribbons. The queen wore blue shoes, Cheongseok, which were also with ribbons to tie around ankles. Shoes that were used by married women in the Joseon dynasty were called Danghye (당혜), which were of two kind, Kunghye (궁혜) for ladies in upper class and Onhye (온혜) for ordinary women. Farmers and servants wore straw shoes, Jipsin, and Mituri, which were made of hemp fibers, were worn by women or scholars.

Modern

Modern Hanbok is a style term that refers to hanbok (Korean traditional clothing) mixed with Western and other cultural fashion influences. Modern hanbok can vary from traditional hanbok in terms of skirt or pants length, fabrics, materials used patterns, traditional colors, and accessories. A person who wears modern hanbok has a more freedom style compared to traditional hanbok. While traditional hanbok is mainly worn during holidays, festivals such as Chuseok and Seollal, and celebrations such as weddings, milestones birthdays, modern hanbok is worn as “daily wear “and can be defined as street fashion. Fashion designers are also trying to make modern hanbok inspired by traditional hanbok. Modern hanbok designers want everyone to enjoy hanbok, regardless of its shape or form, while retaining the classic elements of the hanbok style that is unique to Korean culture. Today, among Koreans, modern hanboks are worn in various styles and colors. They wear it at home, even when they go to school, offices, and markets anytime. But the important thing to know is that there is no wrong way to wear modern hanbok- it’s a comfortable, fun way to honor traditional Korean clothing, and there are so many different ways to wear it that there are bound to be a style you will like. In recent times, K-pop and K dramas have come to hanbok’s rescue, and Korean period dramas on Netflix like “Mr. Sunshine” and “Kingdom” have become popular. They have drummed up interest in Korean culture and tradition globally. You can see the evolution of hanbok through these historical dramas. In addition, K-pop idols like BTS and Black pink have made hanbok a new trendy fashion item. They did this by incorporating hanbok in their music videos. K-pop has become a way for the global audience to get a glimpse of traditional Korean culture. This has encouraged all K-pop fans to explore Korea’s traditional beauty.

Topic - CSAT Handwriting Certifying Statement (수능 필적 확인 문구란)

Author - Thadar Soe @ 다다

Summary

This article covers elements related to the history, process of choosing CSAT Handwriting Certifying Statement (수능 필적 확인 문구란), and requirements. It also presents all of the statements used over the years, for each grade. 

 CSAT Handwriting Certifying Statement (수능 필적 확인 문구란)

1.Topic: Stonework of Baekje

2. Writer: Hsu Yin Win

3. Short Explanation: Stonework of Baekje that we can see in heritage buildings

The prominent qualities of Baekje’s artistry are gentility softness and elegance. Baekje’s most renown structures that still exist today are stone pagodas. There are many heritage buildings regarding stonework of Baekje. Most famously five-story stone pagodas in Jeongnimsa temple, Naseong City Wall and stone pagoda in Mireuksa Temple have the distinctly smooth curves and elaborate patterns that cannot be found in other dynasties. We all can know stonework of Baekje from them.

4. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Stonework_of_Baekje

Topic - Korean Homeland Education 

Writer - Khin Thandar Win

Short Explanation- The Article is about “Korean Homeland Education and it is established to exchange and to cooperate on International Education of Oversea Koreans.  It is for cultivating practical Korean language skills necessary to understand the mother country and adapt to the future international society and for Fostering global citizens who will be active in the society equipped with broad knowledge as a Korean people by learning the history and culture of Korea.

Korean Homeland Education (K-HED)

Korean Homeland Education Program is hosted by Ministry of Education, National Institute for International Education. It is established to exchange and to cooperate on International Education of Oversea Koreans. And the Program is organized by the National Center for Korean Education and Culture, Gongju National University. It is a university that fosters secondary school teachers. The University established the Institution of Korean Culture & Education specializing in the education of overseas Koreans. The Institution is in charge of operating (classes and students) domestic education programs for overseas Koreans.

Educational goals

·        Cultivating practical Korean language skills necessary to understand the mother country and adapt to the future international society

·        Fostering global citizens who will be active in the society equipped with broad knowledge as a Korean people by learning the history and culture of Korea.

 Application Method

Entry Procedure

Special Benefits

Scholarships

• Scholarship of National Institute for International Education

Targets: Overseas Koreans who applied for a domestic education program for overseas Koreans and were recommended by a diplomatic office 

Selection criteria: Deliberated and selected by the ‘Scholarship Committee’ based on intent, potential for development, family background, and descendant of an independent patriot 

Financing: The tuition fee for the program (one course) and 70% of the round-trip air fare

Number of People Selected: Around 200 per year

• The number of scholarships per course can be adjusted according to the status of scholarship support and selection by application period

• In the case of a national scholarship, if the student fails to complete the course or receives disciplinary action for violating school rules, the scholarship student selection may be canceled. In this case, all scholarships must be returned.

Support for admission to a Korean university (graduate school)

• Provision of information and counseling on admissions to students wishing to enter a Korean university (graduate school)

• Admission briefing session and support for admission to domestic universities (graduate school): Customized guidance on preparation of application documents and application, self-introduction, interview preparation, etc.

• Support for major basic subject learning (support for major basic subject learning required for college mathematics: math, science, etc.)

• Auditioning and mentoring of university basic liberal arts courses

• Special lecture on understanding careers and majors, special lecture on leadership

• Mentoring with seniors entering college (graduate school), and tour of major universities in Korea

Operation of Partner Universities

Benefits for entering partner universities | When overseas Koreans complete the domestic education course ( invited education ) and enter a partner university, benefits such as credit recognition , Korean language course completion recognition , and scholarship for overseas Koreans are granted depending on the partner university.

Credit Recognition : Completion of subjects such as the Korean language , Korean history , and Korean culture in the domestic curriculum for overseas Koreans is recognized as college credit.

Korean language course completion recognition : Completion of the Korean language course in the Korean curriculum for overseas Koreans is recognized as the completion of the Korean language course for foreign students.

Scholarship for overseas Koreans : Scholarship support for overseas Koreans who have completed the domestic education course for overseas Koreans.

Curriculum cooperation operation |  Promotion of joint programs with partner universities to support higher education and career paths, such as exchanges with students enrolled in partner universities , and experience activities in specialized departments.

Exchange activities with university students : ・Auditing of liberal arts lectures 

                                                                               ・Joint projects with undergraduate mentors

Major-related department experience : ・ Experience of medical department 

                                                                  ・Experience of humanities, sciences, and engineering department

Visiting of Universities : ・ Entrance presentation and campus tour 

                                          ・ Special lecture to understand major

Partner Universities

※ For detailed cooperation matters for each partner university, please contact the person in charge of each partner university. 

※ The status of partner universities is subject to change.

Counseling and inquiries for domestic education courses for overseas Koreans

• Consultation on registration and curriculum (Korean National Education and Culture Center, Gongju National University)
  - Monday-Friday: 9:00 am - 6:00 pm

• Address: 753 Ugeumti-ro, Gongju-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 314-712 (Okryong-dong) Gongju National University Okryong Campus Korean Education and Culture Center

• Tel: +82-41-850-6031 (Japanese, English, Chinese and Russian consultations are available)

• FAX: +82-41-850-6039

• E-mail: hansaram@kongju.ac.kr (Korean Education and Culture Center, Gongju National University)

Home Page 

 http://www.niied.go.kr/

http://www.kongju.ac.kr/

Topic - Korea Broadcasting Art School

Writer - WYNE THEINGI ZAW (다빈)

Short Explanation - English Translation of Korea Broadcasting Art School (한국방송예술진흥원) 

Link -https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Broadcasting_Art_School

1.Topic-Top 5 Shopping Malls in Seoul

2.Writer-Aung Min Khant(아웅 민 칸)

3.Short Explanation-This article is about the "TOP5 Shopping Malls in Seoul" of South Korea.In this article,you can see about the eco-friendly,modern shopping mall of Seoul.I wrote this article not only to show about the shopping mall of Korea but also intend to express the great idea of South Korean in promoting the value of Nature.

Link-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Top5_Shopping_Malls_in_Seoul

   Shopping malls are now existing as a prominent place in the configuration of Korea and other modern cities, affecting the daily activities and social relationships for the human beings.

       Like other cities,Korea is a magical place to shop for various kinds of products.Korea is known for its shopping and unique Cosmetic, Clothing Brands.One of the things to do in Seoul is probably going shopping.

   SEOUL,the capital city of South Korea has many biggest department stores and shopping malls.There are recently opened massive new shopping complexes, complete with indoor parks and quality restaurants,Library,Safe pace for Kids to attract customers and to give the complete comfort to their Customers.

   In this article,I will present about the "TOP 5 Shopping Malls in Seoul".

The Hyundai Seoul(더현대 서울)

      The Hyundai Seoul is the newest and Largest shopping Mall in Seoul.The Hyundai mall opened in 2021 and is located in Yeouido,Seoul.

      This Shopping mall has 12 floors and 8 levels are filled with about various 600 shops .Another 4 underground levels are already reserved for parking.It can be roughly concluded that Hyundai Shopping Mall covers a large area about the size of standard 13 football fields.In order to promote "The Value of Nature",49 percents of space are used as rest areas instead of stores place.

     After opening the mall in 2021,offers the visitors to have a chance to enjoy a relaxing and eco-friendly shopping experience in this modern Era.

   According to the title of a Korea’s first eco-friendly future-concept department store, The Hyundai Seoul has relaxation areas,wide paths with "natural grass, many dozen of trees, and various flowers".It modest and natured concept attracts a great number of visitors as a place for rest in Seoul’s urban center with a simple and landscape interior different from that of other department stores of Seoul.

   So, visitors can feel and relax with the impressive 2-storey indoor waterfall in the mall that stands at 12m tall. Even in the shopping time, they can hear relaxing sounds of the water crashing down from high.This sounds help to provide a calming and peaceful sensory experience to the visitors who sitting around the waterfall in the mall.

 Address:108 Yeoui-daero (Yeouido)

                  07335 Seoul

COEX Mall(스타필드 코엑스몰)

      Fashion,Food,Culture,Entertainment and all the things you need can be found only in COEX Mall.As the largest shopping mall in Asia,COEX Mall can provide everything you need,all in one place.

     Starfield COEX Mall,formerly known as COEX Mall,contains Convention Center, Exhibition Halls,many Malls in it.The mall is located in Gangnam-gu Seoul,South Korea.The store in the mall features trendy fashion in various designs targeted not only to young customers but also to people of all ages.

   There are also two food courts, where you can taste a great variety of foods.

    There are so many ways and things to relax and enjoy in COEX Mall.In your shopping time,you can enjoy a great shopping taste at COEX Mall.Moreover,if you are with children,COEX Mall even has an aquarium this might be a great place for children.

  The Starfield Library(별마당 도서관)offers a space to rest and entertainment with books.

    Also, for tourists and people who are interested in Korean culture ,Kimchi Museum is great for an educational experience and culture can learn there more about the history of Korea's most famous dish.

    Address:513, Yeongdong-daero,

                  Gangnam-gu,Seoul

Lotte World Mall(롯데월드몰)

     Lotte World Mall now stands as South Korea's largest Department store. Located in a crowded and civilized capital city of Korea,Seoul,sitting right beside Lotte World Tower is "Lotte World Mall".

   Lotte World Mall is a place where you can find and meet the latest trends fashion and high-end lifestyle for this fashion era.This mall draws thousands of visitors and shoppers daily.In this mall,you can find both Korea's Local Brands  and International Luxury Brands.

  For those who want to relax and take a rest at the same time,there also has various attractions and entertainment facilities in Lotte World Mall.Including Lotte World, Folk Museum, indoor ice rink, indoor swimming pool, bowling alley, sports center and even an aquarium.Lotte World Mall existence as an famous mall for its large aquarium."Lotte World Aquarium" is one of the largest aquariums of the Asian Continent. 

     So,we can conclude and surely say that Lotte World Mall is a hotspot filled with many activities and attractions in Seoul.

Address: 300, Olympic-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul

IFC Mall(IFC몰)

    IFC Mall is the "Korea's First International Style Mall", where you can find the famous global fashion brands in one place.It is located in the heart of Yeouido,Seoul.IFC Mall,the large indoor mall located on the B1-B3 Levels of the Yeouido International Finance Center(Yeouido IFC).

    It displays fashion on the first floor, fashion and book store on the second floor and on the third floor of the mall there is also a CGV movie theater for movie-lovers to enjoy while shopping.  It offers a wide range of famous fashion brands from Korea and abroad.Some of the well-known international fashion brands featured by IFC Mall include H&M, Hollister, Uniqlo, and ZARA.

   With international trendy fashion brand stores , movie theaters and elegant restaurants, , IFC Mall will make you to gain a convenient shopping experience in Seoul.

Address:10 Gukjegeumyung-ro, 

              Yeongdeungpo-gu,Seoul

Hyundai Department Store (현대백화점 압구정본점)

    The main shop of Hyundai Department Store is located in Apgujeong,Seoul.It is the center of Gangnam fashion.Since it's grand opening in 1985 ,Hyundai Department is one of the leading Department Store of Korea because of it unique selection of goods to lead a life in Fashion and express individualism.Also Hyundai Department Store is famous its supreme customer services from now on.

      Hyundai Department Store is not only for shopping.The rooftop of the mall is a sky park (garden) with wide lawn, bamboo trees, and birch trees,where visitors can enjoy  looking at the sky to take a rest from crowded society. 

Address : 165, Apgujeong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul

References:

https://middleclass.sg/travel/the-hyundai-seoul/

https://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SHP/SH_EN_7_2.jsp?cid=1984968

https://en.trippose.com/shopping/ifc-mall

https://english.visitseoul.net/index